Advantages Of All Solid-state Lithium Battery

The reason why the all-solid-state lithium-ion battery will attract international giants is because it is expected to solve the two major "challenges" that currently plague the power battery industry-potential safety hazards and low energy density. The advantages of all solid-state lithium batteries over liquid lithium-ion batteries include:

(1) All-solid-state lithium-lithium battery has high safety performance

Since the liquid electrolyte contains flammable organic solvents, a sudden increase in temperature when an internal short circuit occurs will easily cause combustion or even explosion. It is necessary to install a safety device structure that resists temperature rise and short circuit. This will increase the cost, but it still cannot completely solve the safety problem. . The Tesla, which claims to be the best BMS in the world, has caused serious fires in two ModelS in China alone this year. Many inorganic solid electrolyte materials are non-flammable, non-corrosive, non-volatile, and have no leakage problems. They are also expected to overcome the lithium dendritic phenomenon. Therefore, all solid-state lithium secondary batteries based on inorganic solid electrolytes are expected to have high safety characteristics. Polymer solid electrolytes still have a certain combustible risk, but compared to liquid electrolyte batteries containing flammable solvents, their safety is greatly improved.

(2) All solid-state lithium lithium battery has high energy density

At present, the energy density of lithium-ion battery cells used in the market is up to about 260Wh/kg, and the energy density of lithium-ion batteries under development can reach 300-320Wh/kg. For all-solid-state lithium batteries, if metal lithium is used as the negative electrode, the battery energy density is expected to reach 300-400Wh/kg, or even higher.

It should be noted that since the density of solid electrolyte is higher than that of liquid electrolyte, for the same system of positive and negative electrode materials, the energy density of liquid electrolyte is significantly higher than that of all solid-state lithium batteries. The reason why the all-solid-state lithium secondary battery has a high energy density is because the negative electrode may use metal lithium materials.

(3) Long cycle life of all solid-state lithium battery

The solid electrolyte is expected to avoid the problem of continuous formation and growth of solid electrolyte interfacial film and lithium dendrites piercing the separator during the charging and discharging process of the liquid electrolyte, and may greatly improve the cycle performance and service life of metal lithium batteries. It has been reported that thin-film all-solid-state metal lithium batteries can be cycled more than 45,000 times, but there are no reports of long cycle life for large-capacity lithium metal batteries. The main reason is that the cycle performance of high-area-capacity lithium metal electrodes (>3mAh/cm2) is still low. Poor.

(4) Wide operating temperature range for all solid-state lithium-lithium batteries

If all-solid-state lithium batteries use inorganic solid electrolytes, the maximum operating temperature is expected to be increased to 300C? or even higher. At present, the low-temperature performance of large-capacity all-solid-state lithium batteries needs to be improved. The specific battery operating temperature range is mainly related to the high and low temperature characteristics of the electrolyte and interface resistance.

(5) Wide electrochemical window for all solid-state lithium-ion batteries

The electrochemical stability window of the all-solid-state lithium battery is wide, possibly reaching 5V, which is suitable for high-voltage electrode materials and is beneficial to further increase the energy density. At present, thin-film lithium batteries based on lithium nitride phosphate can work at 4.8V.

(6) All solid-state lithium-lithium batteries have flexibility advantages

All-solid-state lithium batteries can be prepared into thin-film batteries and flexible batteries, which can be used in smart wearable and implantable medical devices in the future. Compared with flexible liquid electrolyte lithium batteries, packaging is easier and safer.

(7) Convenient recovery of all solid-state lithium battery

Generally speaking, there are two methods for battery recycling, one is wet method and the other is dry method. The wet method is to take out the toxic and harmful liquid core, and the dry method is to extract the effective ingredients such as crushing. The advantage of the all-solid-state lithium battery is that there is no liquid in it, so theoretically there should be no waste liquid, and it is relatively simple to handle.